Logical Deduction :: Logic :: Type 1 (Two Premise Arguments)

• Logic - Type 1 (Two Premise Arguments)
• Logic - Type 2 (Three Premise Arguments)

In the question, two statements are given followed by three or four conclusions numbered. I, II, III and IV. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements: Some books are pens. No pen is a pencil.

Conclusions: I. Some pens are books. II. Some pencils are books. III. Some books are not pencils. IV. All pencils are books.

Answer:

Explanation:

Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particularly negative and should not contain the middle term. Thus, III follows I is the converse of the first premise and so it also holds.

In the question, two statements are given followed by three or four conclusions numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements: Some bottles are drinks. All drinks are cups

Conclusions: I. Some bottles are cups.  II. Some cups are drinks. III. All drinks are bottles. IV All cups are drinks.

Answer:

Explanation:

Since one premise is particular. The conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some bottles are cups'. Thus, I follows II is the converse of the second premise and so it also holds.

In the question, two statements are given followed by three or four conclusions numbered. I, II, III and IV.You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements : All branches are flowers. All flowers are leaves.

Conclusions : I. All branches are leaves. II All leaves are branches. III. All flowers are branches. IV. Some leaves are branches.

Answer:

Explanation:

Since both the premises are universal and affirmative, the conclusion must be universal affirmative and should-not contain the middle term. It follows that 'All branches are leaves'. Thus, I follows. IV is the converse of this conclusion and so  it also holds.

In question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take,the given-two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements : All educated people read Newspaper. Rahul does not read the newspaper.

Conclusions : I. Rahul is not educated.  II. Reading newspaper is not essential to be educated.

Answer:

Explanation:

Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, only I follows

In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take,the given-two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements: Raman is always successful. No fool is always successful.

Conclusions: I. Raman is a fool  II. Raman is not a fool.

Answer:

Explanation:

Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, only II follows.

• Logic - Type 1 (Two Premise Arguments)
• Logic - Type 2 (Three Premise Arguments)